Another memory-dump. The manual contains more information (that’s a surprise :-).

mysql> delete from TABLE where id=X

Removes the specified row

mysql> describe TABLE;

Shows the structure of the specified table

mysql> select * from TABLE;

Shows all rows in the specified table :-O

mysql> show procedure status;

Shows stored procedures

mysql> show table status;

Shows tables in current database

mysql> use MYDATABASE;

Changes the database to act on

For a complete list, see Bash Reference Manual - Bash Environment Variables. This is just my own memory-dump. To get the value of a variable, you can use:

echo $OLDPWD

OLDPWD

previous current directory

PWD

current directory

LANG

the language used by programs, check with locale -a for available locales. Can be set in .bash_profile with export LANG=”en_US.utf8″

LANGUAGE

the language used by programs, check with locale- a for available locales. Can be set in .bash_profile with export LANGUAGE=”en_US.utf8″

RSYNC_RSH

the shell used for rsync, usually /usr/bin/ssh

Just a memory dump for important files and directories.

~/.bashrc

runs on interactive login

~/.bash_aliases

runs from .bashrc (if uncommented…)

~/.emacs

Emacs settings

/etc/crontab

file that controls scheduled running of scripts

/etc/cron.d/hourly, daily, weekly, monthly

for running scripts on a scheduled basis

/etc/group

groups in the system

/etc/hosts

hard-coded hosts like in Windows.

/etc/motd

the greetings text when logging into the system

/etc/resolv.conf

DNS hosts

/etc/sudoers

users and groups that can do sudo. Edit via sudo visudo.

/etc/syslog.conf

log configuration (cron etc)

/etc/init.d/

daemon control files. To remove from startup, use sudo /etc/init.d/XYZ stop, sudo update-rc.d -f XYZ remove. To start manually: sudo /etc/init.d/XYZ start

/etc/init.d/gdm

Gnome Desktop Manager.

/etc/rcS

file run at system start. Runs the files in /etc/rcX.d depending on run level

/etc/rcX.d/

files that are run from /etc/rcS depending on run level. See The Linux Boot Process Explained

/var/log/

log files

/var/run/

lock files and run-time information

/etc/apt/sources.list

the list of URLs for apt-get for upgrading / installing packages

Also see Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.

There are a lot of these on the net. Why not one more? I will try to keep this updated. Some commands are shell-specific (I use bash), and some are application specific, like the Apache commands.

a2enmod

enable apache module

a2dismod

disable apache module

a2ensite

enable apache site

a2dissite

disable apache site

apt-get

upgrades Debian/Ubuntu. Do sudo apt-get update first to update info, then sudo apt-get upgrade to get new version of installed files. To install a specific package, use sudo apt-get install foo, where foo is the package name.

alias

creates an alias of a command in the shell

awk

see gawk

cat

show / concatenates files

cd

change current directory

cd ~ / cd

go to home directory

chgrp

changes a group of a file

chmod

changes the access rights of a file

chown

changes owner of a file

clear

clears the screen

cp

copies files

cut

cuts lines into (like @SubSet in @Forula)

date

shows the time and date

dd

convert and copy files

df

disk / partition info

dhclient

dhcp-client, use dhclient -r to release, and only dhclient to renew

dig

DNS entries

du

show directory / file sizes, use du -sh / to show total size and in “human-readable” form.

echo

prints characters

ed

text editor

emacs

text editor

exit

logs out (also CTRL-D)

fdisk

disk handling. Can list devices via fdisk -l

fg

moves a background program to the foreground

find

find files in the filesystem. Go to the directory where you want to find the file, use “find -name hosts” to find files named hosts.

ftp

file transfer utility (use scp or sftp instead)

fsck

filesystem check

gawk

reads records and fields from a file. Or words.

gpasswd

manages /etc/group

grep

searches a file for a regular expression pattern. grep -ir ‘johan’ .finds all files with the text johan, case insensitive and recursively

groupadd

adds a group

groupdel

deletes a group

gzip

compresses files

hcitool

configures BlueTooth connections. Use hcitool search to search for discoverable BlueTooth devices.

hidd

BlueTooth HID daemon. Use sudo hidd –connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX to connecto to a HID device

ifconfig

network configuration

info

show textinfo files

jobs

lists active jobs

kill

kills a process, use kill %jobno to kill a job. Some jobs may not respond to normal kill, you must use kill -KILL %jobno

less

show contents of files (backward / forward)

ln

creates a link between files

locate

find files in index

logout

logs out (also CTRL-D) or exit

ls

list files / directory

lshal

list HAL devices

lspci

list PCI devices

lsusb

list USB devices

mail

starts the mail program

man

shows manual page for a command

mkdir

creates a directory

mke2fs

formats drives

mkswap

sets up a swap partition

more

show contents of files (only forward)

mount

mounts a filesystem

mv

move or rename

nano

text editor

netstat

shows network connections

nice

handles process priority

ping

pings a host

procinfo

shows memory usage

ps

process status

pwd

print working directory

rm

removes a file

rmdir

removes a directory

passwd

sets log in passwd

route

set the ip routes

run-parts

runs all commands in a directory

scp

secure copy via ssh. Use ” and \ to escape filenames with spaces, like this: “HOWTO\ Create\ SSH\ Keys.txt”

sftp

secure file transfer (use scp if possible instead)

sed

stream editor, replaces strings in streams. Example cat test.txt | sed s/testing/helloworld/, replaces testing with helloworld in text.txt to stdout.

sensors

to read temperatures on motherboard, cpu etc.

shutdown

in SU mode, shutdowns the system, sudo shutdown -r now restarts the system.

sleep

sleeps the specified amount of time

sort

sorts the contents of a file

ssh

secure shell, use it like this: ssh username@host

su

goes to “super user mode” = root. In Ubuntu you have to set a root password first.

sudo

goes to “super user mode” on one command

swapon

activates a swap area

tar

binary to ascii encoder

telnet

telnet session, unsecure, use ssh instead.

top

monitors processes

touch

creates a new empty file or changes the date of an existing file

traceroute

traces ip hosts

tree

shows a tree of the filesystem

umount

umounts a filesystem

unalias

removes an alias

uname

shows information about the current system

unzip

decompresses ZIP files

update-rc.d

adds something to startup (Debian)

uptime

shows the uptime for the server

useradd

add a user

userdel

remove a user

usermod

modify a user

users

lists the users currently logged into the computer

vi

text editor

vmstat

shows memory usage

w

shows who are logged on and what they are doing

wait

waits for a job to finish

watch

runs a command every 2 seconds until CTRL+C

wc

word count. Also count lines

whatis

short explanation of command

whereis

shows where the specified command is and its related files

which

shows the path to the specified command

who

shows who are logged on

whoami

shows what user I am

write

sends a message to another user

xviddetect

setup video card for X

Xconfigurator

setup for X

Also see the good man-page-like command list at Oreillynet.

If you want to stream your own radio station, Shoutcast is an easy solution. This little HOWTO focus only on the server part, and not on the actual audio/feeding client part. I recommend reading ShoutCast Streaming for beginners and Streaming radio with ShoutCast and WinAmp to get the hang of the audio part.

Install

Download the tarball from shoutcast.com.

$ tar -xvf sc_serv_1.9.8_Linux.tar.gz
$ sudo cp sc_serv_1.9.8_Linux/sc_serv /usr/sbin
$ sudo mkdir /etc/shoutcast
$ sudo cp sc_serv.conf /etc/shoutcast

Automatic start

This will make shoutcast start when the server starts. Download the initscript (which I have modified to work in Ubuntu 8.04, source script here).

$ sudo cp shoutcast /etc/init.d/shoutcast
$ sudo update-rc.d /etc/init.d/shoutcast defaults

Check settings

The default sc_serv.conf says logging should go to the current directory. I changed the lines:

LogFile=sc_serv.log
...
W3CLog=sc_w3c.log

into:

LogFile=/var/log/sc_serv.log
...
W3CLog=/var/log/sc_w3c.log

Also, make sure you set a password on the line saying:

Password=changeme

Firewall

If you have a locally installed firewall, you have to open up two ports. First the port mentioned in sc_serv.conf on the line saying:

PortBase=8000

The second is the PortBase + 1, i.e. in the default example above it is 8001. The 8001 port is used to receive data from Winamp or other audio streaming feeder and the 8000 port is used to send streaming audio to listening clients. Make sure both ports are open for TCP and UDP. And don’t forget any hardware firewalls, they have to be opened too.

Restart

Restart the server or do:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/shoutcast start

and try opening localhost:8000 in your browser and you should see the (in-)famous Shoutcast page.

This minimalistic guide shows how to install Domino 7.0.2 on Ubuntu 8.0.4 server or workstation. I did this on Ubuntu 7, but did not write everything down, which meant learning/searching for the information once more. Please let me know if you have better ways of doing this!

Create a domino user and group

$ sudo useradd -m domino
$ sudo groupadd domino
$ sudo passwd domino

Add required libraries

Domino uses some libraries that is not installed by the standard Ubuntu installation.

$ sudo apt-get install libstdc++5
$ sudo apt-get install libxmu6
$ sudo apt-get install libxp6
$ sudo apt-get install libxp-java
$ sudo apt-get install libxtst6

Install

Unpack the installation file (my is named S7.0.2.tar) and run the linux/domino/install script as root. Use default settings (except user, enter domino), use “Manual setup”.

$ tar -xvf S7.0.2.tar
$ cd S7.0.2/linux/domino
$ sudo install

Change ownerships on files

Since you installed as root, the files is owned by root. I guess if install was run as the domino user, this step would not be required.

$ sudo chown -R domino /local/notesdata
$ sudo chgrp -R domino /local/notesdata
$ sudo chown -R domino /opt/ibm
$ sudo chgrp -R domino /opt/ibm

Firewall

Stop your local firewall or open 1352 in the local firewall. If you are using shorewall, you can do your own Notes macro. Change the port from 80 to 1352 in the macro.Notes file.

$ sudo cp /usr/share/shorewall/macro.HTTP /usr/share/shorewall/macro.Notes
$ sudo gedit /usr/share/shorewall/macro.Notes

Add the following (depending on setup…) to /etc/shorewall/rules:

Notes/ACCEPT  net    $FW

Conflicting services

Stop any mail, web, ldap services, so that Domino does not conflict on ports. Remember to disable those you don’t need or disable the Domino services that you don’t need.

$ sudo /etc/init.d/postfix stop
$ sudo /etc/init.d/courier-imap stop
$ sudo /etc/init.d/courier-imap-ssl stop

Relink sh

The server script uses /bin/sh, relink sh to bash that normally links to /bin/dash.

$ sudo rm /bin/sh
$ sudo ln -s /bin/bash /bin/sh

nsd.sh

I got many “Command not found” errors when starting the server first time. After some research, I found that the script requires gawk in sd.sh:

$ sudo apt-get install gawk

Start the server setup listener

$ su notes
$ DISPLAY=:0.0
$ export DISPLAY
$ cd /local/notesdata
$ /opt/ibm/lotus/bin/server -listen

If you want to add a server with existing IDs, put the certifier ID, the server ID and the admin ID in the notesdata directory on the server. Run the Remote Server Setup utility on a client. Usually in Start\Lotus Applications\Remote Server Setup. Configure as a normal setup.

Server startup script

To be able to start Domino on startup, restart it and shutdown when system restarts, you can download domino init.d-script and put in /etc/init.d. Restart the server to see if it works.

$ cd /etc/init.d
$ sudo wget http://johankanngard.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/domino
$ sudo chmod +x domino
$ sudo chown domino domino
$ sudo chgrp domino domino
$ sudo update-rc.d domino defaults
$ sudo shutdown -r now

Test

Use a Notes client and test that the server is up and running. To see if the server is running on the server, you use telnet.

$ ps a | grep server
4505 pts/0    Ss+    0:00 su - domino -c /opt/ibm/lotus/bin/server

You can also try connecting to the server locally with telnet using:

$ telnet localhost 1352
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'^]\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'.

Some links of interest

• Domino on Unix/Linux Start Script
• Migrate Domino to Linux
• Installing Lotus Domino on Linux

Updated the startup script since the stop argument wasn’t working.